Distinguish denotation vs connotation; match tone.
Core Idea
Two words can point to the same action or quality but carry opposite emotional charges — pick the one whose positive or negative connotation matches the passage's tone.
Understanding
Denotation is what a word literally refers to. Connotation is the emotional baggage it carries. "Thrifty" and "cheap" both denote spending little money, but "thrifty" sounds smart while "cheap" sounds stingy. The SAT tests whether you can match a word's connotation to the attitude or tone of the passage.
To get these right, pay attention to who is speaking and how they feel about the subject. If the passage is praising something, the blank needs a word with positive connotation. If criticizing, negative. If neutral, pick a neutral word. The denotation of the wrong answer might be correct, but its emotional shading will clash with the passage.
Worked Example
The mayor's critics described the new policy as __________; supporters, however, called it a bold and necessary step toward reducing traffic congestion in the city center.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Select an answer to see the explanation